Navigating to Life's Distant Shores Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Navigating to Life's Distant Shores - Essay Example We either make it or we don't. We know of our success by the fact that we have arrived. We have fulfilled our goal and have set foot upon the next stepping-stone of our voyage. Our footing must be certain and secure, as a small error can cause us to lose our footing and cast us out among the grave uncertainties that lie just outside our plotted path. Planning our passage through the developmental stages of life has all the euphoric possibilities and rewards of celestial navigation; it requires skill, tools and planning, and a certain sense of where we currently are. Nothing can bring us greater elation than reaching a carefully planned goal that we have struggled to achieve, while challenging the obstacles and roadblocks that impeded our path. Getting from high school to college is very much like sailing the open seas without the security of the sight of land. It requires the skill that we have gained over our too few years, as we have no way to know what the destination will be like until we arrive. Yet, by being prepared we can remove much of the uncertainty and take much of the destination that we expect to find with us. Our task is to simply find the destination within ourselves. Gerrard states that, "Hardly anything on earth is as exhilarating as sailing into a new harbor at sunrise after a nighttime passage offshore across open water" (248). As we prepare our journey into our future, we must carefully navigate our culture, society, peer pressure, and traditions, often alone and in the dark of night. The exhilaration of reaching our destin ation will be ours alone, and only we have the skill to successfully find our unique path to the dawning of a new opportunity. Putting this skill to work will require the careful management of the tools that will we need to be able to formulate a workable plan, as we move across the uncharted waters of growth. For the high school student making their journey to college, this planning began years earlier as they begin to collect the tools of academics. While the ocean navigator has the hardware of a compass, sextant, and chronometer the student will carry tools that are more abstract in nature, but no less concrete. The student will need the skill of critical thinking. Have they learned to question, analyze, and criticize, without emotion or malice Have they been properly tempered in the cauldron of education to accept that knowledge may be "contingent, ambiguous, and tentative" (Bean 18) Has their imagination learned to make a leap and connect two seemingly unconnected dots Gerard speaks of these tools as possessing "a magical quality and were treated with the reverent care usually reserved for sacred relics " (258). The navigator cares for his tools by maintaining them in "elaborately carved and inlaid wooden boxes", as a way to highlight their status and importance. The academician cares for their tools by constant use, as if oiling and cleaning them daily to keep them ready for use on a moments notice. Just as the navigator hears the sound of the waves and the smell of the seas to alert them if they have gone off course, the academic will hear the conversations, the media, and the world around them to sense if they are still on solid ground and in line with their destination. Plotting a course to our next destination along life's journey requires that we have a secure sense of where we are starting from, and where we

Bob Dylan Poetry Essay Example for Free

Bob Dylan Poetry Essay A comparison of recordings of Bob Dylans All along the Watchtower by Bob Dylan and Jimi Hendrix offers a vivid case study of what Samuel Floyd characterizes as the complementary oppositions of African- and European-derived musical processes and events. The song itself draws together elements of ballad and blues traditions; and the two recordings treat this synthesis in very different ways even as they share the common ground of late 1960s rock. Dylans is a spare, acoustic folk-rock rendition, while Hendrixs is an opulent electric spectacle whose sonic and syntactic conception npacks the latent drama only suggested by the original. In the process, Hendrix offers an alternative answer to the songs existential dilemma implied in its lyrics and emphasized in its musical setting. This paper examines the elements and the workings of the dialogic interaction represented first of all in Dylans song, and then in the transformation it undergoes in Hendrixs version. His use of language was unusual, and called attention to itself by Juxtaposing words and images not usually associated with each other. In contrast, All Along The Watchtower is spare and restrained. The song consists of only three verses, with no chorus. The language is simple. Yet the three verses are packed with meaning and drama. Lets see how it starts. There must be some kind of way out of here, OSaid the Joker to the thief. Notice how Dylan starts the song by throwing us into the middle of a conversation, and begins with an urgent statement. We dont know where the here is from which the speaker wants to escape, but we know he wants out. The sense of drama is immediate. We find out that the two people speaking are the joker and the thief. These are archetypal characters that have existed in one form r another for thousands of years. By identifying them in this way, Dylan invokes a sense of timelessness. Because these fgures are broad archetypes, there is already a suggestion that this might be a parable of some sort, a story whose essence remains the same over many different times, places and characters. The Joker, or Jester, can be seen in general to represent the artist: s omeone whose role is to amuse other members of the established order, but also to provoke them, to suggest alternate ways of looking at reality. And, of course, the Joker and the thief are both outsiders of sort, united in their separation from more ordered segments of society. Theres too much confusion, 01 cant get no relief. 0Businessmen, they drink my wine, OPIowmen dig my earth. ONone of them along the line 0Know what any of it is worth. The rest of the verse tells us why the Joker wants to escape: there is too much confusion. But what is confused? Others are benefiting from his labors, and working for him to help produce the results. But neither understands the worth of their efforts. So the confusion is about values: what is valuable and what is not. No reason to get xcited, 0The thief he kindly spoke. 0There are many here among us OWho feel that life is but a Joke. 0But you and l, weve been through that, OAnd this is not our fate. So let us not talk falsely now, 0The hour is getting late. The second verse begins with the thief speaking kindly to the Joker. This adverb lets us know that he is sympathetic and that he, perhaps, understands the worth of the Joker and his efforts. the thief and the Joker know better, having lived through that. So while others may still be confused, these two are not. Since they understand the value of life, it is mportant for them to be truthful with one another. Then the last line of the verse brings us back from exposition to a sense of drama and movement, and impending action: the hour is getting late. All along the watchtower, OPrinces kept the view, 0 While all the women came and went † 0Barefoot servants too. 00utside in the cold distance, OA wildcat did growl. 0Two riders were approaching, and 0The wind began to howl. The beginning of this final verse suddenly shifts the scene, without at first giving us any sense of how this new setting connects to the first one. In contrast to the first two verses, which were full of conversation, this verse unfolds almost cinematically, full of visual imagery. This new scene is populated with princes, women, and barefoot servants, establishing a time and place in the past, although again using enduring, archetypal fgures. These fgures guarding their castle seem to represent established society, and the existing power structure. But what are they guarding against? A wildcat growls from a distance, suggesting the savage, untamed power of nature lurking Just beyond the well-ordered lights of the castle. Then we see the two riders approaching. Suddenly, in only four words, the first two verses are connected with the last. With a sort of cinematic establishing shot, but used at the end of the story rather than the beginning, we see the thief and the Joker approaching the castle. We already know that they want to establish a different set of values, one based on the worth of human life. Their approach towards the guarded castle suggests an impending confrontation. And then the last line of the song strengthens this suggestion with imagery of a furious storm starting to build. Note how this last verse has made physical the relationships suggested in the previous lines. The thief, Joker and wildcat are all placed outside the castle, which is occupied by princes and servants. So we now have, in a very concrete sense, independent outsiders and a rigid power hierarchy. Dylans accomplishment here is nothing less than amazing. In the space of a few verses, in a song so spare it could almost be missed as a throw-away, Dylan manages to accomplish all of the following. Summarizes his own life to date. Given his earlier efforts to make pointed fun f almost everything around him, and his near-fatal motorcycle crash that marked a turning point in his career, it is hard not to see the Joker as Dylan himself. He has now learned that life is not a Joke, and distinguishes between artists and outsiders who understand the seriousness of life, versus the businessmen and fans who treat his art as simply a marketable commodity. Identifies the primary issue of our time as one of values. Modern thinkers such as Ken Wilber, with his image of our contemporary flatland, in which everything is seen as neutral, and devoid of value, are brought to mind. In earlier songs Dylan talked tirelessly of modern fgures misunderstanding the significance of issues such as war, freedom and poverty. Here Dylan stands back from these specific issues and reduces the confrontation to its essential element: human values against the established order. Propels his theme with a powerful dramatic structure. From a traditional dramatic viewpoint, almost nothing happens in this song: two riders talk to each play. Yet by repeatedly hinting at the intensity of a coming confrontation, and by identifying the two opposing forces, Dylan keeps us on the edges of our seats, ondering what will happen next. The effect at the end is comparable to the conclusion of William Butler Yeats famous poem, The Second Coming: And what rough beast, its hour come round at last, slouches towards Bethlehem to be born? In both cases, there is a perceptible chill creeping up the spine, as the poet leaves his reader to contemplate the inevitability and intensity of the coming confrontation, and its consequences. Well, so much for the lyrics. Dylans original reading of the song is as spare and compact as his words, with the music adding little. Hendrix treatment is whole different matter, though. The first element to note is how the music here parallels the dramatic structure of the song. Listen to the opening drums and guitars, as one example. (Audio clip 44K. ) The beat starts, intensifies, and then stops. As in the lyrics, the power is hinted at, but not unleashed. The music, like the words, points towards some future action, presents the tension, but does not resolve it. This device is repeated throughout the song, with Hendrix mostly holding back, repeatedly returning the song to its basically quiet pace. The second element I want to note is Hendrix use of guitar to represent the confusion that the Joker is experiencing. This is a perfect role for Jimi, of course, since his guitar parts often defy our normal expectations for the instrument. He uses bent notes, a wah-wah pedal, and other devices to represent a disorienting, almost inhuman sonic landscape. Here is one example. (Audio clip 128K. ) The third musical element I want to comment on, and the one that really frames and defines the whole song, is Jimis repeated, gradually progressing ascents up the scale with blistering notes. Here is what I mean, the first ime it appears, at the beginning of the first guitar break, between the first and second verses. Audio clip 16K. ) Here is what it sounds like at the end of the second, and longer, guitar break, between the second and third verses. (Audio clip 40K. ) And here, finally, is the way it sounds at the end of the song. (Audio clip 220K. ) Notice how Jimi seems to be gradually reaching for a note that he only finally hits at the end of the song. And then when he gets there, he repeats it, over and over, making a high keening sound, representing not only the howling wind referred to in the last line, ut that coming conflict that the song so clearly prepares us for. And the music ends on this note, as do the lyrics, without resolution, but clearly pointing forwards to some anticipated future act of liberation. This is simply a brilliant collaboration between songwriter and musician, the accompaniment extending and reinforcing the meaning and drama of the lyrics, and showcasing the unique possibilities of the electric guitar along with nothing more than a bass, drum kit and acoustic guitar. Listening to this song is like trying to find your way through a washed-out desert at unset. Hes making some harsh criticisms of American society during the Vietnam era, but the music is so mellow and the lyrics so strange its like hes daring you not to pay attention. Aside from that, All Along the Watchtower is a song that defined the late 1960s, when the calm, disciplined protests of the early decade were degenerating into violence and confusion. No wonder Dylan ends the song with a howling wind. Hendrix got around to covering this song, it sealed the deal: the guitar solo at the end has come to embody the splitting apart of order into screeching, and possibly iberating, chaos. Hendrixs version has been used in countless movies and television shows, from the Spike Lee Joint Clockers to Forrest Gump to the episode in The Simpsons when Homers mother, an ex-hippie terrorist, returns to Springfield. And, if nothing else, its cool to think that Dylan has performed this song more than any other. Not many people are aware that Bob Dylan was the original writer and singer of All Along the Watchtower. Since Bob Dylan wrote the song, two other widely known artists have done their own version of this song: Jimi Hendrix and The Dave Matthews Band. Although it is the same song Just done by different singers, each song has its own characteristics which makes them appear as very different songs. In this paper, I will compare how each of these artists adds their own touch to the song by the use of their instruments. If you have ever heard any of Bob Dylans songs, you know that he as a very mellow tone to all of them. All Along the Watchtower is no different. Dylan uses only a very few instruments. At the very beginning of the song, you will hear a harmonica which immediately makes you want to hear the rest of the song. The only other instruments I can hear in Dylans version of the song are a guitar and drums. Throughout the song you hear Bob Dylan. An influential poet, writer, and musician who redefined American pop music. Dylan was able to use his skills to successfully reach an outstanding degree of accomplishments. Being able to take the term literature and give it a whole new meaning, Dylan has made a significant change in todays music listeners. Dylan was capable of taking his ability to write, his ability to perform, and putting them with the time he had to spare to become one of the most enigmatic, prolific performers in the world. In the time of Bob Dylans music, the world separated literature and music. Music included lyrics, beats, rhythms, and instruments. Literature, on the other hand, was strictly for poetry, ballads, letters, and stories. Never before had anyone considered the opportunity for song lyrics to be considered literature. People strongly thought of the two as being very different categories. With both literature and music being respected in their own unique way, Bob Dylan came along to add a new element. During his time, Dylan was known for his touching songs, however, many did not onsider him a poet. This thought was false. Dylan was a poet first aln meetings, Bob Dylan had raised an interesting question. Is it possible for a performance art to be considered literature (Marcus 119)? Bob Dylans music was unique; he was able to intertwine his lyrics through the life he had lived and through the events of the world around him. Some events in Dylans life were the Kennedy assassination and the Vietnam War. Dylan would come to be known for playing at concerts that were protesting the war at hand. Many young adults would flock to hear the man who new Just how to express the words. The words that expressed his deeper most feeling were the same words that comforted these many young adults by the mass. With people feeling the same sorrows as Dylan himself, it was his words that little significance. It was all in the words. l wanted Just a song to sing, and there came a point where I couldnt sing anything. I had to write what I wanted to sing cos what I wanted to sing, nobody else was writing (Spitz 407). Dylan shared this feeling with others everywhere. It is possible that him writing songs was the only way to say what needed to be said.

astronomy :: essays research papers

Space exploration has been going on since the 1960s. Both women and men have traveled in space. Every day we are discovering different things about space from satellites and astronauts, and every day more people are landing on the moon. The first human, the first animal, and the first spacecraft in orbit, were all Soviet achievements. There are many reasons why space is explored and why people take the time to explore the solar system. One reason is that we want to find out how our solar system was created and how it works, and another reason is that we want to find out how all the planets move and how they change rotations. We also want to learn about everything on the planets and how to make advanced enough spacecrafts so that we can visit all the planets. The first man to travel in space was Yuri Gagarin. He made history on April 12, 1961, by orbiting the earth in the Votsok 1. His flight was one hour and 48 minutes long, going at a speed of about 17,000 mph on the Votsok 1 as he circled the earth. Gagarin was later killed in a crash of a test airplane. Neil Armstrong was the first person to ever land on the moon. He was born in Wapakoneta, Ohio, and after he graduated from college in 1955 he joined NASA. In 1962 he became the first civilian to enter an astronaut training program. In 1969 Armstrong lead the Apollo 11 mission and became the first person to set foot on the moon. His companions were Edwin E. Aldrin, Jr., and Michael Collins. In 1971 Armstrong became a professor of aerospace engineering at the University of Cincinnati. Valentina Vladimora Nikolayeva Tereshkova was the first woman to be in space. She joined a Soviet training program in 1961 and in 1963 she successfully orbited the earth 48 times in the Votsok 6. "Born Galileo Galilei, his main contributions were, in astronomy, the use of the telescope in observation and the discovery of sunspots, lunar mountains and valleys, the four largest satellites of Jupiter, and the phases of Venus." In December 1609, Galileo built a telescope of 20 times magnification, and with it he could see craters and mountains on the moon. He also saw that the Milky Way was made up of stars and looked at the four largest satellites of Jupiter.

Offer and Acceptance Essay

For this case the major issue is whether a valid contract is made between Tina and Yatie, and whether the the offer by Yatie was revoked or not. According to (Miller & Jentz, 2010) every contract will involve atleast two parties. That is the offeror and the offeree. The offerer is the party who makes the offer, and the offeree is the person to whom the offer is made to. OFFER As per (Clarkson, Miller, Jentz, & Cross, 2009) an offer is a promise or commitment to do or not to do a certain thing. And there are three elements for an effective offer to be legally bounding from the common law. They are: the intention must be serious, its terms should be definite, and must be communicated to the oferee. In this case Yatie sends the offer letter proposing to supply hancrafts to Tina. The offer clearly satisfies these elements. Firstly it is evident that Yatie’s serious intention as she requested a written acceptance from Tina, as an objective aproach. If we look in to the case of Lucy v. Zehmer, 196 Va. 493; 84 S.E.2d 516 [1954], the parties signed a document which was for the sale of land and it was binding. Similarly in this case the intention to create legal relations is evident from the Yaties request to Tina to send a written acceptance. Secondly it has clear terms (to supply handcrafts) of what they are going to do. The offer from Yatie was clear in this case, and unlike in the case of Ahmad Meah & Anor v. Nacodah Merican [1890] 4 Ky 583 where offer was too vague. And for the last element, the communication of the offer was complete when it was received by Tina (the intended party) on 4th September 2011 and when it becomed knowledge to Tina, in line with the section 4(1) of the Contracts Act 1950: Act 136 (CA) So the offer by Yatie was complete. ACCEPTANCE Looking into the acceptance, Tina’s acceptance was communicated by her staff Anis. Acceptance is the voluntary agreement to the terms of the offer by the offeree (Clarkson, Miller, Jentz, & Cross, 2009). As Tina requested her staff Anis (an agent for Tina while Tina is the principal) to noitify her acceptance of the offer to Yatie. According to (Schneeman, 2010) because of the fiduciary relationship between the agent and the principal, the agent can act on behalf of the principal. If Anis accepted the offer as in the case of Powell v Lee [1908] 99 LT 284, then the acceptance will be held as not communicated. But in this case Anis was given actual authority from Tina by granting expressly verbally to accept the proposal of Yatie by asking to fax the acceptance. When Anis telephoned on 7th September 2011 to Yatie’s office to confirm the acceptance, that is also acceptance enough, as in the case of Tinn v Hoffman [1873] 29 LT 271 the ruling was although a writen acceptance is requested, other methods such as telegram and verbal messeges can be used as means of acceptance. Even in the case of Adams v Lindsell [1818] EWHC KB J59 it was held that that the acceptance was communicated although the acceptance letter got misdirected and delayed. Therefore Tina’s acceptance will be effective on 6th September 2011. When Anis posted the letter on 6th September 2011, the acceptance was completed; as from that moment onwards the control of delivering the message is out of control by Anis on behalf of Tina. Section 4(2)(a) of CA affirms so for the acceptor. And according to (Miller & Jentz, 2010) for such situations the ‘mail box rule’, which is also reffered to as the ‘postal rule’ or the ‘deposited acceptance rule’ will apply. And this rule was formed to avoid the confusion of situations similar to this case of Tina and Yatie. CONSIDERATION Consideration is the reason for the promise. And if there is no consideration in an agreement, the contract would be void as per Section 26 of CA. In this case Tina commited to receive Yatie’s offer of handicrafts supply, and the commitment is consideration enough as per Section 2(d) of CA. Yatie will expect Tina to complete her transaction. And with Tina’s acceptance, her commitment will probably have affected her other business activities, and she also probably have rejected other business opportunities and offers due to her commitment to Yatie. So the consideration has passed between Yatie and Tina. REVOCATION When the revocation of the offer is sent the acceptance is already posted. And the outcome is that the revocation by the offoror will only be effective when the revocation becomes knowledge to the offeree. But when the oferee dispatches the acceptance, it will instantly be effective. The case of Byrne v Van Tienhoven [1880] 5 CPD 344 illustrates the acceptance & revocation of the offer by postal rule. In that case the facts are that the revocation of the offer will only be communicated when the offeree receive it. And not on the date the offeror posts the revocation. Section 4(2)(b) of CA gives the condition that the offerors revocation will only be completed when the intended party is aware about it. And for the revocation SMS on 8th September 2011 by Yatie would not apply, as it was sent after the acceptance by Tina which was on the 6th September 2011. For example even if the Yatie’s SMS was sent before the acceptance, the revocation will still not be effective because as per the section 4(2)(b) of CA. But if we look into the case of Holwell Securities v Hughes [1974] 1 WLR 155, the postal rule was overruled, since the defendant had specified to give the acceptance notice in writing before a certain deadline and was held that the offeror should actually receive it. Based on this ground, Yatie can claim that she had specified the acceptance to be given in writing and she did not actually receive the acceptance. But if we look into the section 5 (3) of the CA, a proposal may be revoked at any time before the communication of its acceptance, and is complete as against the proposer, but not afterwards. And thus the above said case (Holwell v Hughes) is overruled by the contracts Act. And in this case offer, acceptance and consideration were complete. And revocation by Yatie was not complete since Tina did not receive it before her acceptance. So, looking in to the facts, its highly probable for a valid promise to exist between Yatie and Tina.

Weight Of A Nation Consequences

In order to see proper as made the problem needs to be addressed and programs created to benefit the lifestyle f Americans. It was very interesting for me to see how much of an impact the Bugaboos He art Study has had on our nation. It was the only study of its kind that was able to monitor or obesity from young children into their adulthood lives.Some of the statistics that shocked me were: children who are obese are eight times more likely to have heart disease as a n adult 77 percent of children who were obese remained obese as an adult h of society are able to maintain a healthy weight people who come from a lower socioeconomic status have higher obesity rat sees obesity increases asthma rates by 52 percent limited play space for children affects their overall health As I took the time to really think about obesity and what is means to America thought a lot about my family.Growing up we didn't have the greatest socio anomic status. There were always challenges and struggles. As a result there are members w ho struggle with obesity within my family. I can look further back and can see the results of o exist generations in the past. This video really helped me to understand the many consequence s that occur due to obesity. Live that access to fast food just killing lifestyle in our nation. T here was a quote that really liked from the video. Order to make a change, it has to be a co and nation outreach for change. † I couldn't agree more. In order to be able to see a change think that it needs to be targeted not only in communities but as a nation. Very go d video that opened my eyes to the reality of obesity.

Current and Past Technology

Current and Past Technology Introduction This paper involves producing a report to demonstrate how the current and past technology develops day by day to influence future developments. This report explains the relationship between technology on one hand and social and political factors on the other. Technology and marketing are inseparable in that marketing have to keep pace with the developing technology to ensure they use the most modern technology of the time.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Current and Past Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All aspects of marketing require technology; therefore, it is essential for the stake holders in marketing to understand technology as it develops. Technology is the use of modern tools and structures to improve on the already existing ones. This is to make them profitable and efficient at the same time. Many firms and companies should invest on technology so as to continue benefitting from th eir marketing structures. The challenges and opportunities that are brought about by technology will be presented in the report. Analysis of past and current technology In marketing, there are different types of technologies, which include; sustaining technologies these are most technologies that improve the existing product to the liking of the customers. 1 According to Christensen well led companies always provide in relation to customers demand. The disruptive technologies create a new proposition and advance the performance of a commodity or product in relation to the new arrangement. Disruptive technologies are mainly used in goods which are cheaper, smaller and easier to use. 2 However, disruptive technologies do not have an immediate impact on traditional products and, therefore, with their introduction they do not guarantee a large share of the market. 3 Opportunities Development of technology increases a company’s opportunities of doing business.4 The modern technolo gy enhances marketing which widens the scope of the company and increases its sales.5 This facilitates further growth of a company. This has improved in the recent years because companies could use rudimental methods of marketing since there was minimum technology.6 The methods, which were used in the past were limited and could, not create any impact to the existing customers or the potential ones.7 Technology is also essential in development of new products because it shortens the time of production which is vital in the line of marketing. 8 Challenges Many existing companies use traditional technology and methods of marketing because their customers are not interested about companies’ new products. 9 These companies investment is minimal when it comes to new technology.10 This is because the new technology does not contribute to the increase of the sales. This reduces the chances of the company to expand and; therefore, new technology is hard for the existing companies to invest in and embrace.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The disruptive technologies create a threat to the exist companies the reason behind this is that they can run them into losses. The greatest challenge of technology is that businesses, which do not exist, can not be analyzed when coming up with a marketing plan.11 This means that the impact of new technology can not be identified. Technological progress always outruns the speed by which the customers develop their demand. This means that the supply of technology is not equal to its demand. 12 The absorption of modern technology has been limited by its expensive nature.13 The companies have limited resources which limit their investment in technology.14 Technology is expensive in that the company will have to introduce new machinery, which means the, workers should be trained to operate the machines.15 This means extra expenses to the company. Another main challenge is the politicians’ opposition to technology with an argument it will result to laying off of workers; therefore, they propose to be labor intensive.16 The society opposes the use of modern technology. This is because they are not ready to change fro the use of traditional technology and embrace new products, which come as, a result of new technology.17 The company should turn such challenges into opportunities through giving back to the community through improved products and paying high taxes to the government.18 Conclusion In conclusion, technology is essential in today’s world and, therefore, companies should invest heavily to improve technology. Increased investment in technology will lead to increased development as a result of increased productivity. Technology is immensely influential in the field of marketing and, therefore, companies should invest in technology to increase on their share of the market. Th e companies and the government should work hand in hand to eliminate the challenges of technology.19 The future investment in technology will lead to growth of companies through increased sales and innovation of the existing products and technology. Technology develops day by day meaning its continuity to improve leads to efficiency. The companies should introduce uncomplicated technology to lure the society into understanding the importance of technology.20 Reference Agresta S, B B Bough M I Milestky perspectives on social media marketing, Course Technology PTR, London, 2010.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Current and Past Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Albers MJ B Mazur, Content complexity: information design in technical communication, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2003. Burgelman R C Christensen, designing marketing and technology, Paperbacks, New York, 2005. Burgelman R, C Christensen S Whee lright, Strategic management of technology and innovation. McGraw hill, New York, 2003. Christensen C ME Rayner, innovators solution: Creating and sustaining a successful growth, Harvard business school press, London, 2003. Christensen C, Marketing Technology, Harvard business school, London, 2002. Christensen C. Innovator’s dilemma. New York: Harper paperbacks.2003. Draga S T Zimmerman, Communication in marketing, Longman, New York, 2001.Advertising Looking for report on other technology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Gurak LJ MM Lay, research in technical communication, Praeger, Westport CT, 2002. Gurak LJ, technology and marketing, Praeger, Westport, 2001. Harner S, handbook on marketing technology, Course Technology PTR, London, 2008. Harner S, T Zimmerman S Draga, technical marketing communication, Longman publisher, New York, 2001. Kotabi M K Helsen, Global marketing management, Wiley, New York, 2003. Kotabi M K Helsen, Technical marketing communication, Wiley, New York, 2009. Kotler P K Keller, Marketing management, Prentice hall, New York, 2008 Mirel B R Spilka, Reshaping technical communication, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2002. Mirel B, technical communication, Southbank, New York, 1999. Moore GA, crossing chasm, Harper paperbacks, New York, 2002. Ogilvy D A Parker, confessions of an advertising man, Southbank, New York, 2004. Souder EW D Sherton, Managing new technology development, McGraw, New York, 1993. Footnotes 1 C. Christensen, innovators dilemma, Harper paperbacks, New York, 2003, p 28. 2 B Mirel R Spilka, Reshaping technical communication, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2002. 3 MJ Albers B Mazur, Content complexity: information design in technical communication, Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ, 2003. 4 LJ Gurak MM Lay, research in technical communication, Praeger, Westport CT, 2002. 5 EW Souder D Sherton, managing new technology development, McGraw, New York, 1993. 6 M Kotabi K Helsen, global marketing management, Wiley, New York, 2003. 7 R Burgelman, C Christensen S Wheelright, Strategic management of technology and innovation. McGraw hill, New York, 2003. 8 P Kotler K Keller, marketing management, Prentice hall, New York, 2008. 9 C Christensen ME Rayner, innovators solution: Creating and sustaining a successful growth, Harvard business school press, London, 2003. 10 GA Moore, crossing chasm, Harper paperbacks, New York, 2002. 11 D Ogilvy A Parker, confessions of an advertising man, Southbank, New York, 2004. 12 S Harner, T Zimmerman S Drag a, technical marketing communication, Longman publisher, New York, 2001. 13 S Agresta, B B Bough M I Milestky perspectives on social media marketing, Course Technology PTR, London, 2010. 14 C Christensen, Marketing Technology, Harvard business school, London, 2002. 15 S Draga T Zimmerman, Communication in marketing, Longman, New York, 2001. 16 S Harner, handbook on marketing technology, Course Technology PTR, London, 2008. 17 M kotabi K Helsen, Technical marketing communication, Wiley, New York, 2009. 18 LJ Gurak, technology and marketing, Praeger, Westport, 2001. 19 B Mirel, technical communication, Southbank, New York, 1999. 20 R Burgelman C Christensen, designing marketing and technology, Paperbacks, New York, 2005.

Planning functions

Planning functions Planning is a decision making process. It helps one to decide on what to do and how to do it. There are six steps to follow when planning. First and foremost, one has to analyze the situation. Two constraints are very important at this stage and they are time and resources. Gathering of information and interpreting is done at this stage. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Planning functions specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Also, a summary of all the relevant information is done. Identification and diagnosing planning assumptions is done. In addition issues and problems are identified. The second step is having alternative goals and plans. Alternative goals that can be implemented later are provided. It also gives plans used to implement the goals. Thirdly, evaluation of goals and plans is done. Advantages and disadvantages on alternative goals and plans are evaluated. Also, the possible effects of the goals and plans are evaluated at this stage. Fourthly, selection of the goals and plans is carried out. The most appropriate and feasible goals and plans are selected. Right judgment is crucial at this stage. In the fifth step, implementation of the designed plans takes place. This helps one to achieve the set goals. To implement a plan, the manager must understand it well. Also, resources to implement the plan must be available. Finally, monitoring and controlling are important. These help one to know whether his/ her plan is succeeding. Continuous monitoring of the actual performance against unit’s goal should be done. Implementation is the most important step in planning. The reason behind this is that implementation of plans helps in achieving the set goals (Darlkir, 7). There are three types of plans that can be used in different organizations. These include, single used plans, standing plan, and contingency plan. Singles of standing plans are policies, a procedure and rules (Ingram, p ara.4). Contingency plans are meant for specific situations. This is incase things don’t move as expected. Contingency planning involves flexibility and adaptation. Also, mastery is needed due to the changing conditions. They include planning for marketing. The reason behind is to get support from the stakeholders. In addition, they allow for understanding from the stakeholders (Ingram, para.5). In our organization we usually use standing plan. The reason behind is that we usually deal with activities that need much time before completion. Also, in our organization we have many different departments where this kind of planning is more applicable. From the above literature, I have been able to learn that planning is one of the key aspects in any organization. Implementation of a plan is one of the most important steps in any planning. Implementation helps in achieving the already set goals. Without the implementation of a plan, the other work done during the planning process will be of no importance. Different plans can be applied in different organizations. The kind of plan to be used depends on the type of activities taking places in an organization. Darlkir, Kimiz. Knowledge management in theory and practice. New York: Technology partner. 2011. Print. Ingram, David. Define single use, contingency standing plans for business. January 26, 2011. April 22, 2011.

How to Write a Personal Narrative

How to Write a Personal Narrative The personal narrative essay can be the most enjoyable type of assignment to write because it  provides you with  an opportunity  to share a meaningful event from your life.  After all, how often do you get to tell funny stories or brag about a great experience and receive school credit for it? Think of a Memorable Event   A personal narrative can focus on any event, whether it is one that lasted  a few seconds or spanned  a few years. Your topic can reflect your personality, or it can reveal an event that shaped your outlook and opinions. Your story should have a clear point. If nothing comes to mind, try one of these examples:   A learning experience that challenged and changed you;A new discovery that came about in an interesting way;Something funny that happened to you  or your family;A lesson you learned the hard way. Planning Your Narrative Start this process with a brainstorming session,  taking a few moments to scribble  down several memorable events from your life. Remember, this doesn’t have to be high drama: Your event could be anything from blowing your first bubble gum bubble to getting lost in the woods. If you think your life doesnt have that many interesting events, try to come up with one or more examples for  each of the following: Times you laughed the hardestTimes you felt sorry for your actionsPainful memoriesTimes you were surprisedScariest moments Next, look over your  list of events and narrow your choices by selecting those that have a clear chronological pattern, and those that would enable you to use colorful, entertaining, or interesting details and descriptions.   Finally, decide if your topic has a point. A funny story might represent irony in life or a lesson learned in a comical way; a scary story might demonstrate how you learned from a mistake.  Decide on the point of your final topic and keep it in mind as you write. Show, Don’t Tell   Your story should be written in the first-person point of view. In a narrative, the writer is the storyteller, so you can write this through your own eyes and ears. Make the reader experience what you experienced- not just  read what you experienced. Do this by imagining that you are reliving your event. As you think about your story, describe on paper what you see, hear, smell, and feel, as follows: Describing Actions Dont say: My sister ran off. Instead, say: My sister jumped a foot in the air and disappeared behind the closest tree. Describing Moods Dont say: Everyone felt on edge. Instead, say: We were all afraid to breathe. Nobody made a sound. Elements to Include Write your story in chronological order. Make a brief outline showing the sequence of events before you begin to write the narrative. This will keep you on track. Your story should include the following: Characters: Who are the people involved in your story? What are their significant character traits? Tense: Your story already happened, so, generally, write in the past tense. Some writers are effective in telling stories in the present tense- but that usually isnt a good idea. Voice: Are you attempting to be funny, somber, or serious? Are you telling the story of your 5-year-old self? Conflict: Any good story should have a conflict, which can come in many forms. Conflict can be between you and your neighbor’s dog, or it can be two feelings you are experiencing at one time, like guilt versus the need to be popular. Descriptive language: Make an effort to broaden your vocabulary and use expressions, techniques, and words that you don’t normally use. This will make your paper more entertaining and interesting, and it will make you a better writer. Your main point: The story you write should come to a satisfying or interesting end. Do not attempt to describe an obvious lesson  directly- it should come from observations and discoveries. Dont say: I learned not to make judgments about people based on their appearances. Instead, say: Maybe the next time I bump into an elderly lady  with greenish skin and a large, crooked nose, Ill greet her with a smile. Even if she is clutching  a warped and twisted  broomstick.

Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Report - Research Paper Example The company targets young fun loving men and women. It also focuses towards people who love to travel. Gandys has very young target market. Customers of Grandys are generally very simple and believe in hanging around here and there. The organization has very modern target market. Customers of Grandys want comfortable and stylish products from the company. Young informal people are main targets for the company. People who believe in low cost, stylish products generally associate themselves with the brand. In 2013 Gandys did celebrity endorsement for their Tokyo Red product. Richard Branson founder of Virgin Atlantic and other staffs of the airline celebrated International Flip Flop day. All of them were wearing Tokyo Red. After this endorsement the product name was changed and new name of the product became Necker Red. The targeting strategy was very successful. Richard Branson is a very different business man. He is very much charismatic and informal in nature. Characteristics of the celebrity were very much suitable with the brand images of the company. People around the world have high respect for Richard Branson. Grandys intentionally selected him to influence large number of informal youth. Some customers do not like red colour. But celebrity like Richard Branson can easily break that mental barrier of customers. Over all the strategy was very successful and after that sale of the product increased a lot. The success of the strategy was very vast. Other products of the company a lso took benefit out of this celebrity endorsement strategy. Gandys Peacock Blue product can be repositioned with the help of a strategic collaboration with Serge Denimes. It is a London based fashion brand. It has very urban image in the market. Designs of the company are very creative and stylish. It will be a good combination of both creative rope style and urban design. It will create a refined image in the mind of urban customers.

Secularism in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Secularism in the UK - Essay Example In a society such as Britain, the Church and the State are relatively separate and there are a wide variety of non-religious cultural institutions (such as the mass media, education and so forth). In this society, it is relatively easy to remain culturally untouched by religion and religious belief seems to be more a matter of individual choice than cultural necessity. In UK secular society may be seen as largely the product of the Christian West. With the possible exception of some brief periods in the history of ancient Greece and of the Roman Empire in its hey-day, there have been few secular societies in the whole course of human development in the world. In most societies religion has been closely woven into the whole fabric of society, determining its structure and the pattern of men's ideas and goals; religious images have been dominant in men's imaginations and formed the focus of their culture in its widest sense. (Edward, 2000, 151-67) The dominance of religion has often me ant the domination of priests and theologians or the impositions of the ecclesiastical hierarchy. Disputes about power have become disputes about religious systems and still today such issues lurk behind many of our disputes within Europe, and between Europe and the rest of the world.A secular society is one which explicitly refuses to commit itself as a whole to any particular view of the nature of the universe and the place of man in it. The State neither requires a subscription to any particular doctrines nor overt forms of religious behavior as a condition for claiming full rights as a citizen; furthermore, it does not in any significant sense attach itself to any church or religion. Clearly in Britain today the existence of two established churches, and the requirements of Biblical instruction in schools, as well as the favoured position of the established churches in the universities and the favoured position of all the Christian churches in the national broadcasting system, m ight be taken to suggest that Britain is not a secular society.

A visual aid that illustrates a problem Research Paper

A visual aid that illustrates a problem - Research Paper Example The nature of task is given like booking musicians, choosing venue, promotional activities and ticket booking. The data gives information about the group names and task names. For example, the group name is book musicians while task name is given underneath it. These images makes is to easy to understand the task. The data in the chart are name of thetas, the person performing them and the dates on which they are being done. The name of the task is seen on the task bars and we can see that there are colours on the graphs which mean that is doing it .And the data regarding the date can be seen on the upper portion of the chart in columns. The significance of the chart is that it gives a detail about the tasks and structure about its performance. The tasks can be linked and they can be monitored to understand the progression. The chart defines the actions setting and gives information on the start date and end date and the mode of scheduling. In this way the project completes at an earlier date or on the correct time. The tasks can be edited or ended as and when required. Here we can see many resources and possibilities on specific times. The dependencies of the task can be analysed from the chart. One can calculate the dates and re – calculate it depending on the time and hence time gain can be accomplished. Here the tasks can be completed in a well defined manner and can relate to each other. As and when the bookings are done on the musicians then other affairs can be done. Like the venue setting, promotions and ticket arrangements. Even if any booking is cancelled things can be changed with less difficulty due to the co – ordination of tasking with the help of chart. So here the first task can be finished first and rest in order. There is a clear visual representation of the tasks to be performed which makes things more comprehensible. Girt chart is not a perfect tool for projects as it has its own limitations

Information Technology for Managers Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Information Technology for Managers - Term Paper Example Caterpillar will be the leader in providing the best value in machines, engines and support services for customers dedicated to building the world's infrastructure and developing and transporting its resources. We provide the best value to customers.  Caterpillar will be the leader in providing the best value in machines, engines and support services for customers dedicated to building the world's infrastructure and developing and transporting its resources. We provide the best value to customers.  Caterpillar will provide its workforce with an environment that stimulates diversity, innovation, teamwork, continuous learning and improvement and rewards individual performance. We develop and reward people.  Caterpillar is dedicated to improving the quality of life while sustaining the quality of our earth. We encourage social responsibility.  For the sake of their enormous image, Caterpillar strives really hard to ensure that our success as a corporation contributes to the qual ity of life of all people touched by our business and to the prosperity of all communities where we work and live.  Caterpillar’s vision of their employees is to get recognized, along with their products and services, as key enterprise strength. Their goal is to empower our engaged employees and their leaders to create a positive culture in which safety, diversity, integrity, and performance are highly valued by all. In 1925, the Holt Manufacturing Company and the C. L. Best Tractor Company merged to form Caterpillar Tractor Company. The Caterpillar product line included motor graders, blade graders, elevating graders, terraces and electrical generating sets. That happened in 1940. In 1950, Caterpillar Tractor Company Limited in Great Britain is established; the first of many overseas operations created to help manage foreign exchange shortages, tariffs, import controls and better serve customers around the world.  In 1931, the company created a separate engine sales grou p to market diesel engines to other equipment manufacturers. This group was replaced in 1953 with a separate sales and marketing division to better serve the needs of a broad range of engine customers.  

Case Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Case Studies - Essay Example It is understood that the recent wave of expansion that has hit the European travel market has been an application of strategic tools and techniques in order to achieve the organizational objectives of profit maximization, increased customer base and cost efficiency. According to the information presented by Page and Connell (2006: p129) the vast scope of the European travel market is such that 53% of the population residing in the continent were reportedly away on holiday with most holiday goers belonging to the western region of the continent which essentially represents the differences in incomes and savings of individuals residing in various parts of Europe. As per the guidelines set by strategic management, major tour operators in Europe have benefitted from various modes of integration in order to obtain a larger share of the overall market. Page and Connell (2006: p130) identify that due to the adoption of such practices of horizontal and vertical integration the landscape of the travel market in Europe is dominated by certain key players in the industry of which TUI AG and Thomas Cook AG are standout contenders on the list. As highlighted earlier, aspects of strategic management are pivotal to an organization’s success and this statement is also applicable within the context of major European tour operators. The tools, techniques and procedures that are involved in the assessment of a company’s internal analysis are used to define its value creating process and uncover its strategic capabilities. The implementation of these techniques consequently defines the optimal distribution of resources in an organization so that the achievement of economic advantages may guide the business towards prosperity and success (Bensoussan and Fleisher 2012). The purpose of this paper is to effectively utilize the tools of internal analysis which are, Value Chain Analysis and Balanced Scorecard with regards to the European tour operators TUI AG and Thomas C ook AG respectively. Accordingly, the concluding section of the paper examines the key aspects of the internal analysis to provide suitable suggestions and recommendations in the light of the discussion. 2. Value Chain Analysis According to Bensoussan and Fleisher (2012) the procedure which follows the implementation of a Value Chain Analysis can be described as a series of activities that are undertaken to guide products from the stage of inception till they are delivered to the final customers. Henceforth, the division of the Value Chain Analysis is based on the categories of primary activities and support activities which must be initiated for the achievement of various organizational objectives. This section of the paper focuses on the Value Chain Analysis for TUI AG on the basis of the aforementioned categories. The primary activities of the business can be examined on the basis of several categories that are classified as inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, mark eting and sales and service. The inbound logistics of TUI AG include: aircrafts, hotels, cruise ships and cruise liners. Accordingly, the operations of the business can be defined under the categories of tourism, travel and hospitality services. Outbound logistics of TUI AG are highly extensive which reflects the vast scope of its global operations, infrastructures comprising of the outbound facilities are travel agencies, airlines, retail stores, high street

Information Technology for Managers Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Information Technology for Managers - Term Paper Example Caterpillar will be the leader in providing the best value in machines, engines and support services for customers dedicated to building the world's infrastructure and developing and transporting its resources. We provide the best value to customers.  Caterpillar will be the leader in providing the best value in machines, engines and support services for customers dedicated to building the world's infrastructure and developing and transporting its resources. We provide the best value to customers.  Caterpillar will provide its workforce with an environment that stimulates diversity, innovation, teamwork, continuous learning and improvement and rewards individual performance. We develop and reward people.  Caterpillar is dedicated to improving the quality of life while sustaining the quality of our earth. We encourage social responsibility.  For the sake of their enormous image, Caterpillar strives really hard to ensure that our success as a corporation contributes to the qual ity of life of all people touched by our business and to the prosperity of all communities where we work and live.  Caterpillar’s vision of their employees is to get recognized, along with their products and services, as key enterprise strength. Their goal is to empower our engaged employees and their leaders to create a positive culture in which safety, diversity, integrity, and performance are highly valued by all. In 1925, the Holt Manufacturing Company and the C. L. Best Tractor Company merged to form Caterpillar Tractor Company. The Caterpillar product line included motor graders, blade graders, elevating graders, terraces and electrical generating sets. That happened in 1940. In 1950, Caterpillar Tractor Company Limited in Great Britain is established; the first of many overseas operations created to help manage foreign exchange shortages, tariffs, import controls and better serve customers around the world.  In 1931, the company created a separate engine sales grou p to market diesel engines to other equipment manufacturers. This group was replaced in 1953 with a separate sales and marketing division to better serve the needs of a broad range of engine customers.  

Brand Values Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Brand Values - Essay Example The menu does differ country to country according to the tastes, culture, want and demands of the people. Around 20% of the restaurants are owned operated by KFC Corporation itself while the rest have all been off as franchises around the world. Based in Kentucky, KFC makes more than half its profits from international franchises and its largest division is in China having about 1700 outlets. KFC is division of the global fast-food franchiser YUM! which is the world’s largest restaurant companies in terms of system restaurants (Scribd, 2009). The last decade was when KFC realized the extent to which the international market was contributing to its huge success. Between 1988 and 1992, the companies profits and sales from the international arena nearly doubled, particularly in Asia where from 1993, KFC outlets were growing at 30% a year. Delivery, drive-through, carryout, and supermarket kiosks were all used to gain orders and customers around the world (WikiInvest, 2009). The market in China continued to expand and by 2001, KFC was the most recognized brand in China with over a 500 outlets there. By 2006, the number of outlets rose to 1700 in China. In the year 2000, it was proclaimed the world’s largest Fried Chicken Corporation and third largest fast-food chain. Profits and sales were often seen growing at 25% in some quarters while in others they remained highly competitive relative to the rival fast-food chains. KFC generally faces direct competition from chicken chains but it ranges greatly from prices to product features and even advertising. The major competitors of KFC are McDonalds Corporation, Burger King, Popeye’s Chicken and Biscuits and Faircloth Food Services Inc. KFC has a very long history of over 50 years in as the most recognizable brand in chicken. It is indeed the leader in chicken thanks to KFC’s secret recipe of 11 herbs and spices

Student Success Essay Example for Free

Student Success Essay Student Success: Motivating School Students through Personal Development A very good morning, to everyone who are present here. Im Kanishka, I’m here by to present a topic about Student Success: Motivating School Students through Personal Development. First of all, I would like to summaries the essential topics which I’m going to share with you related my today’s lecture. Synopsis:- 1. How do I motivate my class mate students to learn? 2. What is personal development? 3. Self-Awareness 4. Self-Concept 5. Self-Discipline 6. Personal development: Implications for teachers 7. Conclusion 1. â€Å"How do I motivate my class mate students to learn? It is the question mostly asked by everyone in the school level. The diversity of our student population in today’s schools makes motivating students more challenging than ever. Students come to school from cultural differences, cast differences, differing belief systems, and complex issues like poverty, substance abuse, and dysfunctional families. What is motivation? Motivation is what compels us to act. It is the energy that provides fuel for action. Motivation can be either 1. Extrinsic or 2. Intrinsic. Extrinsic motivation relies on effective incentives and providing direction or structure for achievement. Motivation comes from an expected external reward for a desired action or behavior. Intrinsic motivation occurs when students generate the motivation from within, discovering the satisfaction of achievement and taking joy in doing something for the sake of doing it. - Intrinsic motivation is a natural outcome of students actively working on their personal growth and development. Personal growth and development requires students to become self-aware through self-reflection. Students learn the skills associated with personal growth and development in the context of learning subject matter, making the subject matter more interesting. For example, our teacher’s might ask students to identify characteristics. So they share with the realistic hero or the heroine in the story. Every learning opportunity will becomes as an opportunity for their personal growth. 2. What is personal development? Personal development is the process of becoming who we aspire to be in our life. In the process of personal development, we learn the 1. skills, 2. knowledge, 3. Aptitudes necessary to live a fulfilling, 4. Satisfying, and happy life. Focusing on personal development is a focus on student success. Schools are traditionally focusing on personal development only. 3. Self-Awareness Personal growth and development requires students to become self-aware. It is a critical dimension of self-regulation and the ability of students to relate to others Through self-awareness, students discover and appreciate their strengths and uniqueness. They learn what is important to them and what they value most. They identify their beliefs and how those beliefs help or hinder their personal growth and success. They become aware of the authentic self and learn to harness the power of the mind. School students are fully aware of their differences. They mature at different rates both physically and intellectually with dramatic variations. This is the ideal age for students to begin to explore and appreciate how they think, feel, And act in a variety of situations. Researcher Mr. Reeve Stark told that, - â€Å"Learning and development progress optimally when there is an active participation from the student to take personal responsibility for his or her own learning and developing† 4. Self-Concept There is a direct tie to how students think, feel, and believe about themselves and motivation. It is the belief of the learner and his/her self-image (do I possess the necessary skills, knowledge and abilities to learn?) that provide the degree of motivation to learn. Students self-evaluate and judge themselves, forming outcome expectancies of success or failure. If the evaluation is positive, the learner is motivated, viewing the task as a challenge and persevering in the face of adversity. If the evaluation is negative, the student becomes anxious and tends to avoid the task. â€Å"Internal perceptions, interpretations, and expectancies will primarily determine the motivation and performance in everyone’s life† A student’s self-concept plays a major role in the kind of help he seeks when faced with challenging work. Students with lower levels of self-esteem, in an effort to protect themselves from failure, chose less effective help strategies. - Students’ self-concept or self-worth is directly related to what they believe about themselves and the self-talk they employ. Through self-awareness students can identify their patterns of self-talk and change them to be more affirming. Positive self-talk fosters autonomy and self-responsibility while enhancing a student’s self-confidence and self-esteem. 5. Self-Discipline Self-discipline refers to self-regulation; the ability of students to set goals, delay gratification to attain a long-term goal, and develop coping skills to overcome setbacks. Research indicates that students connecting to possibilities – a positive vision for their future and their aspirations – is one of the greatest indicators of a student’s success in school. Researcher Mr. Reeve Stark told that, â€Å"It is the possible self idea that provides the plans and strategies for their future – that will put them in an action.† Helping students connect to a vision of their future provides them with the motivation to set and achieve goals. In the process of personal development, 1. students not only set external goals (I want to be a doctor and earn a large income), 2. They also set personal goals (I want to be compassionate and a good listener). 6. Personal development: Implication for teachers Modeling is one of the most effective methods of teaching. Teachers who openly share areas of their personal growth and development convey the importance they place upon it. Teachers who practice what they lecture validate that the practice is of value and useful for students. In contrast, when a teacher does not model the behavior she is trying to convey, students wonder why and are less motivated to participate or listening in class what the teacher is taught. 7. Conclusion Learning through the lens of personal development provides strong intrinsic motivation; the two are inextricably linked. Teachers need to make plain the objectives of personal development and pursue it directly with students to attach intrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation becomes a natural outgrowth in the pursuit of personal growth and development. Adolescence is an ideal time to assist students in their struggle to find their identity. Through self-awareness students learn the techniques of self-appraisal and self-acceptance. They build their self-concept by identifying and minimizing disempowering beliefs and self-talk, affirming their unique qualities, and building upon their strengths. They connect to a positive vision of their future, gaining the self-discipline to pursue and attain their goals. Teachers and students are both learners in the process. With a focus on success, personal growth and development is enjoyable and satisfying, giving credence to education’s goal of developing life-long learners. To encourage intrinsic motivation (Self Developement), teachers can do the following: 1. Help students find meaning or real time examples what the topic or the lessons what they already taught to the students. 2. Design an open and positive environment. Focus is on growth and success, never on lack, weakness, or failure. 3. Ensure students are valued members of a learning community – everyone is valued for their own uniqueness. - I would heartily thankful to everyone who has spent their valuable time with me during my small lecture. - Thanks once again.

Market Segmentation Targeting And Positioning

Market Segmentation Targeting And Positioning Market segmentation involves aggregating of prospective buyers into groups, or segments that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action.  [1]  Nestle provide a wide range of nutritious food and beverages for everyone to practice a balanced and healthy diet and lifestyle. There are four types of major segmentation variables for consumer markets which include geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioral. Segment marketing has given the company a clearer picture of their customers and competitors so that the company can come up with a more fine-tuned products and services that satisfied customers needs. Through market segmentation, targeting and positioning, Nestle can reach out to their customers more easily and serve their customers more effectively and efficiently. Segmentation We found out that Nestle classify their market by using geographic, demographic and psychographic segmentation based on consumer characteristics. In geographic segmentation, Nestle has divided their market into urban areas (cities) and rural areas (villages). Besides that, Nestle also uses demographic factor to segment its market, it consists on income level and educational level. The income level and educational level can be categorized as low, middle and high level consumers. Apart from that, Nestle uses psychographic factor to differentiate the market. The segmentation variables that Nestle uses are personality, social class and lifestyle. Nestle can groups individuals according to their personalities such as extrovert, self-disciplined or energetic. Nestle divides their customers into low social class, medium social class and high social class. Targeting A target market is a potential market that a company has decides to concentrate its marketing efforts and resources to enter those markets. Nestle segments its market by regions, income level, educational level, personalities, social class and lifestyle. By applying the information and observations that we get, we can simply identify the target market of Nestle. In this case, we found out Nestle focuses on urban areas rather than rural areas. The consumption of Nestle products is often in cities as compared to villages. This may be due to income and educational level. The people in rural area mostly could not afford the products of Nestle as it is considered as luxuries. They do not have strong sense of health consciousness due to educational background. This makes them the less attractive buyers. For segmentation by income level, Nestle has been targeting on those consumer who earn middle income and high income. People will purchase healthy and nutritious food and beverages when they have enough monetary resources to back up them. Those consumers with higher income tend to be the potential buyers for Nestle because they bring most profit into the company. Furthermore, for educational level Nestle tends to pay more attention to those consumers who has an education background. They will be more concern of their health and they will do more to maintain it. Through education, we can improve our knowledge and develop life skills which can contribute to individual and community health. Those people with an education background are more likely to practice and maintain a healthy and balanced diet as they know health is more important than wealth. For personality segmentation, Nestle is targeting consumers who are more outgoing and outdoorsy. It is because they require more energy and nutrition that they have lost during their activities. By adapting nutritional input to physical needs, they can get the most from their body.  [2]  These people wish to maintain their energy level and quick recovery after a hectic day by adapting a balanced diet that provides them with essential nutrients and energy. In addition, from the social class and lifestyle segments, Nestle is targeting consumers who are belong to the higher social classes. They have high purchasing power so that they can afford more luxuries such as Nestles products. These people are the target market of Nestle because they tend to be more health conscious. Nestles products often emphasize on nutritional value and health benefits that can improve ones lifestyle and health issues. As conclusion, Nestle is able to reach out to their customers that it can serve best and most profitably. Through segmentation and targeting market, Nestle can enhance the profits for their company and increase effectiveness in their marketing campaigns. Positioning Product positioning refers to the place an offering occupies in consumers minds on important attributes relatives to competitive products. Nestle positioned itself as the world leader in Nutrition, Health and Wellness, trusted by all its stakeholders, and to be the reference for financial performance in its industry.   [3]  Nestle uses the slogan Good Food Good Life to enhance lives, throughout life, with good food and beverages.  [4]  Nutrition content in their products is the main focus to strengthen their leadership in nutrition industry. To remain their position in that industry, they must identify their competitive advantages against their competitors. Nestle has listed out four competitive advantages of their company that may help their company to compete with their competitors, that are unmatched product and brand portfolio, unmatched research and development (RD) capability, unmatched geographic presence and lastly people, culture, values and attitude  [5]  . For unmatched product and brand portfolio, Nestle provide the largest range of food and beverages among all the food company. Their products range from global icons to local favourites that can adapt to consumer needs, tastes and preferences, making Nestle as a global brand that relevant to everyone and everywhere. Besides that, it is supported by unmatched RD capability that improves the products through innovation and renovation so that it can meet consumer needs and enhances consumer benefits. Nestle spent over billions of dollar on its RD just to ensure its consumer gets the essential nutrition that their body needed. Nestle has an unmatched geographic presence competitive advantage due to the number of countries where they presence. They have been in most countries for over decades and successfully created a strong relationship between their brands and their consumers.  [6]  This also means that they have has plenty of time to study about the local preferences and behaviors to improve their products taste to match the locals preferences. The most important competitive advantage for Nestle is their people, culture, values and attitude. The Nestle culture created a strong bond between their people with a shared set of behaviors and values into a single way of doing business. Their people are determined to deliver their goals as while as creating value to the public.  [7]   Marketing environment Marketing environment consists of microenvironment (internal environment) and macroenvironment (external environment). It embraces all the marketing team inside a firm and includes all the outside factors of marketing that affect the teams ability to develop and maintain successful customer relationships with their targeted customer group.  [8]  Nestle is using it to improve customer relationship management and adapt new strategies when it comes to challenges and opportunities. Microenvironment Suppliers Suppliers are the one who delivered the resources needed by the company to produce the products or services to the consumers. Any problems that incurred in supplier can greatly affect the company sales and damage customer relationship. We can divide the suppliers of Nestle into two groups that are labour suppliers and material suppliers.  [9]  Labour suppliers are in charge of the supply of labour required by the company to optimize their production level. Labour strikes and labour relations are the most important factor to maintain labour satisfaction for company to improve their efficiency. For material suppliers, they deal with the materials needed by the company to place the finished goods on rack. The quality of the material is everything that the company focuses on as Nestle is in the food and beverages industry. By maintaining the quality and quantity of these two supplies, Nestle is able to produce high quantity product to uphold their sales volume and customer satisfacti on in the long run. Marketing intermediaries It helps the company to promote, sell and distribute its product to the final buyers.  [10]  The physical distribution firms design the delivery chain for the company products to reach their final destination. The firms also in charge with the products safety without getting any damage while storing them temporarily. Marketing service agencies of the company helps to target and promote its products to the right market.  [11]  It acts as a communication channel between the customers and the company by explaining the features of the product and providing feedback with the help of survey for the company to improve the quality of the product.  [12]  Banks and insurance companies are financial intermediaries that help to provide monetary resources and protection to the product and company against risk that may be occurred during the operation of the company. Nestle works together with all marketing intermediaries to ensure their valuable customers have a clear image of their p roducts features. Customer Nestle sells its goods to reseller markets that provide the goods to final user at a reasonable profit. Nestle also deals with customer markets which consists of individuals and households that buy a wide range of its products. Nestle works hard on making the product available whenever the customer needs them to maintain customer satisfaction. Macroenvironment Political environment Nestle adhere to the laws and regulations that involve in its activities and the environment. The government may set quotas on the quantity of the products that it can supply and set the amount of taxes that the company must pays in order to conduct the business. To achieve a balance between them, Nestle participates in legislative and regulatory discussions between international organizations, government representatives, industry, scientific community and consumer associations.  [13]   Economic environment Customer purchasing power is majorly affected by a range of economic factors such as income levels, inflation, taxes, unemployment, exchange rates and mortgage rates  [14]  . The disposable income and living standard of a country may bring big business opportunities for Nestle or the other way round. Cultural environment Before Nestle start its operation in any country, it mainly focus on studying the societys cultural value, preferences and behaviors. This is because Nestle hopes its products can be accepted by the local with warm welcome and be competitive among other companies that operating at the same level.  [15]   Technological environment Technologies are the vital part of Nestle RD. Investment in technology will definitely help the company to reduce production cost and improve product quality. For example, Nestle have developed technologies that allow them to use natural vegetable oils instead of partially hydrogenated fats in Maggi bouillon cubes and seasonings.  [16]  With the help of technology improvement, Nestle can create healthier products across their product range and thus improve health and quality of life in a country.

Attack of the Cloning Regulations Essay -- Science Cloning Scientific

Attack of the Cloning Regulations Better and new technologies and ideas are constantly introduced through the passage of time, most of which are just for the convenience of modern life. There is usually not much of an objection when they are introduced into society because the pros of the idea greatly outweigh the cons; however, this is not the case with the discovery that human cloning is now practically possible. When a breakthrough like cloning comes about regulations must be set forth to insure the safety of all those who would use it. On one side there are people who want strong restrictions on cloning. They would prefer to have cloning be as limited as possible or even banned to prevent any unethical or dangerous experimentations. On the opposite side of the discussion are the people who want researchers to have as much control over their cloning projects as possible. They do not want any slowdown in the advancement of science. In all of the articles researched, logos and pathos seemed to be much more prevalent than ethos. Both sides of the argument about restrictions on cloning use a large amount of logos to present the facts showings the practical pros and cons of cloning. Each logos point brought up is usually not a stand alone argument; they are mostly in the form of rebuttals of the points raised by the other side. A large dose of pathos comes up with most of the points seeing as how cloning is not just normal scientific research, it brings up questions of morality and what is ethical in the progress of science. Both sides of the issue tell stories of strong emotional appeal of the people that could be hurt or saved through the use of cloning techniques. These pathos appeals are mainly based on wh... ... rather than have this debate drag on. The problem is just reaching a solution that both sides are satisfied with which is the main dilemma. Until more research and data is collected the debate must continue on as is. No choice should be made until it is almost definitely sure that it is the correct one. Works Cited â€Å"Stop Cloning Now,† The Interim. February 2003. http://www.lifesite.net/interim/2003/feb/04editorials.html Stephens, Patrick. â€Å"Human Cloning is Good for All of Us,† The Objectivist Center. April 3, 2001. http://www.objectivistcenter.org/articles/pstephens_human-cloning-good.asp â€Å"Ten Reasons to Support the Brownback/Landrieu Cloning Ban,† Americans to Ban Cloning. http://cloninginformation.org/info/talking_points.htm Binswanger, Harry. â€Å"Immoral to Ban Human Cloning,† Religion vs. Morality. http://religion.aynrand.org/cloning.html Attack of the Cloning Regulations Essay -- Science Cloning Scientific Attack of the Cloning Regulations Better and new technologies and ideas are constantly introduced through the passage of time, most of which are just for the convenience of modern life. There is usually not much of an objection when they are introduced into society because the pros of the idea greatly outweigh the cons; however, this is not the case with the discovery that human cloning is now practically possible. When a breakthrough like cloning comes about regulations must be set forth to insure the safety of all those who would use it. On one side there are people who want strong restrictions on cloning. They would prefer to have cloning be as limited as possible or even banned to prevent any unethical or dangerous experimentations. On the opposite side of the discussion are the people who want researchers to have as much control over their cloning projects as possible. They do not want any slowdown in the advancement of science. In all of the articles researched, logos and pathos seemed to be much more prevalent than ethos. Both sides of the argument about restrictions on cloning use a large amount of logos to present the facts showings the practical pros and cons of cloning. Each logos point brought up is usually not a stand alone argument; they are mostly in the form of rebuttals of the points raised by the other side. A large dose of pathos comes up with most of the points seeing as how cloning is not just normal scientific research, it brings up questions of morality and what is ethical in the progress of science. Both sides of the issue tell stories of strong emotional appeal of the people that could be hurt or saved through the use of cloning techniques. These pathos appeals are mainly based on wh... ... rather than have this debate drag on. The problem is just reaching a solution that both sides are satisfied with which is the main dilemma. Until more research and data is collected the debate must continue on as is. No choice should be made until it is almost definitely sure that it is the correct one. Works Cited â€Å"Stop Cloning Now,† The Interim. February 2003. http://www.lifesite.net/interim/2003/feb/04editorials.html Stephens, Patrick. â€Å"Human Cloning is Good for All of Us,† The Objectivist Center. April 3, 2001. http://www.objectivistcenter.org/articles/pstephens_human-cloning-good.asp â€Å"Ten Reasons to Support the Brownback/Landrieu Cloning Ban,† Americans to Ban Cloning. http://cloninginformation.org/info/talking_points.htm Binswanger, Harry. â€Å"Immoral to Ban Human Cloning,† Religion vs. Morality. http://religion.aynrand.org/cloning.html

Music for survival or a luxury

Is music a luxury, or a necessity for humans? Even though we can live with out it, unlike food and water, I do believe music is a necessity. Even in countries where food and water are scarce, they will still find a way to make music. Some luxuries are necessary to live a peaceful life, music being one of them. So, with that being said, music not only helps us through the tough times, but also keeps us alive. Music Is like glue. It lets us keep our sanity. Music relates to us, thus letting us know, â€Å"Hey, you're not the only one going through this. Also, I'll bet my life that each and every one of o listens to music at least once a day. Weather It's on TV, or on the radio when you go to work, or even if you heat a street performer In a park, you've all heard music. If you haven't, then probably deaf. Music surrounds us, no matter what. Plus, music Is not only good for your health, It's good for your soul. For some people, music Is a distraction, but others, It helps them work, ex ercise, and even helps then remember easier. I know It dose for me. So many people suffer from depression across America, and across the world.An estimated 9. 2 million people suffer from depression. But, most of them seek out music that relates to them, makes them feel loved, or even just music in general. Music is their life, they live for music. And in some cases, music keeps them living. With out music, where would they be? But, this doesn't mean, â€Å"Unless your depressed, then you don't need music. † We all need music sometimes. Weather you're sad that your boyfriend/girlfriend broke up with you, or you got in a fight with your best friend, or you could Just be having a bad day.Music will always be there, waiting for you. Who doesn't Just want to curl up with a blanket and listen too loyalist of music you made when you're sad, maybe even bring your favorite book with you. Or, you're Just so happy, and you Just want to dance, you're most likely to put on a really good song, a Just dance till you can't. â€Å"Music expresses that witch cannot be said and on which it is impossible to be silent† – Victor Hugo Music is everywhere. It's on the TV we watch, on the streets we walk on, in the cars we drive, one could even say it's practically in the air we breath.No matter where you go, there's bound to be music. You might not be able to understand it, but it's still there. It's always has been, and always will be. In my life, personally, I listen to music for a good six hours per day. From the time my alarm goes off, to when my mom makes my take out my eat buds to go to bed. With out It, I don't know where I'd be. Music also brings people together. Whether It's at a concert, or someone Likes the same band as you. Music brings us closer then anything else on earth, expect love.I'd would have missed out on so many opportunities If It wasn't for music. To be honest, I met most of my friends thanks to music. Music brings us together, It's a fa ct. Some people consider music as a luxury though. Usually a luxury Is something that Is afforded my one group or person, but not by another, poorer group or person. But, that doesn't apply to music, as it is enjoyed across the entire planter, regardless of would want to? There is something special about music. It Just makes everything better. Music, at it's best moments, is a most miraculous expression of humanity.That's why I love it. For most people, music is a distraction. But for others, like myself, it actually helps them work. Music stimulates certain parts of the brain. When you're writhing an easy about, let's say, world hunger, you might want to listen to some music that you consider â€Å"emotional† while you write. By doing this, you could be more likely to be able to put more feeling into your easy. Also, collage students often listen to music while they study. That way, when you take the test, and the song pops up in your head, you'll remember what you learned.I f you listen to up-beat music while you exercise, it raises your heart beat, and making you work header. Up-beat music will also help you not fall asleep. Another good use for music is, when you hear a certain song, it might remind you of something. Like, the song that was playing when you had your first kiss. Or maybe you hear a song that was popular back when you were in gig school. Music works in strange ways. Music has the ability to make a person feel emotions, of course, we already knew that.The thing is though, one song could make a person feel so happy, and the person next to them could be in tears because of that song. It's weird how music has such an impact on our lives, and we hardly notice it. The same song you think sucks so much, could be the one thing that is keeping a person alive. Or maybe, that person could be you, who knows. But what we do know is this. The first written form of music can be traced all the way back to 600 AD, and can still be found and heard today all cross the world.If we didn't need music to survive, then why has it been around so long? Think about it. When the first song was sung, and the first instruments were played, who was there? Our ancestors were there, and I bet they were cheering on, and dancing, having a good old time. Enjoying life as if it would never end. Those first people past on their experiences on from generation to generation, and pretty soon, every one loved music. They couldn't get enough of it. It would be crime to take that away form us. Music is our history, music is our life. With out it, what are we?

Online Shopping and Amazon Essay

Abstract: This paper is about the customer service that is offered at Amazon. com. Amazon is a re-tailer that offers products at a responsible price. Amazon has evolved from being an online bookstore and they have become one of the largest e-commerce platforms in the world where customers could find and discover anything they wanted to buy online in a more convenient way. With customer service, loyalty, and customer retention were the three important aspects of Amazon’s that it offers. Amazon has increased their sales significantly due to its high levels of customer service that they provide. In addition to consumer customers, Amazon offered marketing and promotional services for third-party retailers and web services for developers. It allowed third party vendors to sell their products on its website. Amazon is a well-known company that was founded in 1995. It is best known for selling the Kindle, offering low competitive prices, offering fast and responsible cost with shipping that is reliable. Everything could be sold online all at the click of a button. â€Å"In 2009, US-based online retailer Amazon. com, Inc. (Amazon) topped BusinessWeek’s 2009 annual list of customer service champs†(Qumer 2010). Amazon is completely a customer service company that concentrates, on making sure that the customer is happy and taking care of. Which is reflected in their company values and what they believe in. Amazon was considered to be one of the most customer-centric companies in the world where customers could find and buy anything they wanted online at the lowest possible prices. Delivering excellent customer service and offering compelling value to its customers had been the core strategy of Amazon since its inception. Amazon focuses on being loyal to their customers, when they are loyal to them they figure that in return their customers would recommend others and continue to shop with them and make future purchases. Amazon makes sure that the infrastructure is taken care of so that the retention is there. When the retention is there they will continue to grow and expand their product lines so their customers will not have to take their business elsewhere. To make sure that the customer satisfaction is taken care of they live by Sic Core Values to make things happen to make sure that everything stay in order. The first on they have is Customer Obsession: With customer Obsession they start off with the customers and work backwards to make sure that things are taken care of. Secondly, Amazon includes innovation. Amazon says that if you do not listen to your customers, you will fail and if you only listen to your customers you will fail. You have to be able to find the balance. Third, you have a Bias for Action which is living in time of unheralded revolution and insurmountable opportunity and provided that they make every opportunity count. With the Fourth thing you will find that Amazon will take ownership when it comes to building a great company. Fifth they will have a High Hiring Bar that they often ask themselves† Will I admire this person? Will I learn from this person? Is this person a superstar? All of those important questions Amazon will ask themselves when they are looking to hire you. Lastly, they have frugality, where they spend money on things that really matter and believe that frugality breeds resourcefulness, self-sufficiency and invention. In the future I do believe that Amazon should continue to find unique ways to reach consumers to continue to win them over. Right now Amazon should continue to grow their customer base and continue to grow social media awareness and continue to post the review of the consumers who have purchased products and how they were impressed with the arrival and how they love using what they purchased. With the role of Jeff Bezos in creating a customer-centric culture at Amazon he has done an awesome job working on Amazon and making sure that they continue to grow. Jeffrey Preston known as â€Å"Jeff† Bezos was born on January 12, 1964 and is an American Internet entrepreneur and investor. He is a technology entrepreneur who has played a key role in the growth of e-commerce[5] as the founder and CEO of Amazon. com, an online merchant of books and later of a wide variety of products. Under his guidance, Amazon. com became the largest retailer on the World Wide Web and a top model for Internet sales. † Bezos, J. (2013). Retrieved â€Å"Bezos believes that if you fix the customers problems then customer loyalty will be built from that. Jeff Bezos said his main goals are to provide his own perspective to the paper’s managing staff and to ensure the financial stability of the â€Å"Post† while it experiments with ways to be profitable. Though he’ll be active in leading the plans for the â€Å"Post,† he plans to continue living in Seattle and will remain the chairman and chief executive of Amazon. com. While the â€Å"Post† purchase took many by surprise, especially given the state of print journalism, it makes sense within Jeff Bezos’ unconventional business philosophy. He has said that Amazon. com management is â€Å"willing to be misunderstood for long periods of time. † He prefers to be patient and accept losing money for several years if he believes the long-term investment is worth it. He’s also known for an approach that puts customers’ needs and desires over everything else. Lots of retailers give lip service to that approach, but Amazon. com truly incorporates that philosophy into everything it does. Jeff Bezos might not do things the traditional way, but many would point to his unconventional approach as the foundation for the incredible growth of Amazon. com. His principles of growth over profit, long-term investment, and prioritizing the customer have made Amazon. com the worldwide online retailing leader. If anyone can find a way to pump new blood into traditional journalism, it might well be him. † (Beyond. com) Amazon did understand the integration scenarios and their impact on retailers, â€Å"let’s look beyond the financials and think about Amazon’s probable thought process in the transaction: Shoes are a $40b category (online and offline) and comscore reports that online apparel in 08 was $23b. While Amazon doesn’t disclose their apparel/shoe sales, they are definitely much smaller than Zappos. Thus this creates a clear leader in the category and gives Amazon mass in a third category (media, electronics, apparel). Amazon’s CFO said on the conference call last night: â€Å"†¦ this (the Zappos acquisition) is not about synergies. This is about growing in categories that we think are interesting. † Amazon did $4m in 08 revenues in EGM (non-media categories) – Zappos’ approximately $1b in GMV grows this 20% overnight. Also, Zappos was a large competitor to Amazon’s apparel business and forced them to come out with www. endless. com to counter the threat. According to compete. com, Zappos has about 6m visitors/m and endless is stuck in the 1m range. While amazon says they won’t close this, they can definitely stop spending marketing dollars on it so there’s going to be some savings there. There are also some shipping synergies. By injecting the Zappos’ approx 10m shoe shipments into the Amazon fulfillment engine, Zappos could save as much as $1/shipment which would effectively grow their profits by 50%. I also wonder if Amazon has any interest in the Zappos robotic fulfillment system and would consider moving that into their fulfillment centers to increase efficiency. Some have suggested that one driver could be Amazon wanting to sell prime to the Zappos audience. That doesn’t make sense to me as with the Zappos free shipping model, why do you need Prime at all? I don’t think Amazon would mess around with the Zappos model and move to something like normal S+H, free with Prime. The bottom line is Amazon gets a potentially 4-win scenario here: (1) good valuation, (2) eliminate a growing competitor, (3) grow EGM 20%, and (4) cement a leadership position on a big category (shoes+apparel). With putting this move into play I would say was the might move for both companies. Zappos focused on delivering WOW through service, they embraced and drove change, Created fun and a little weirdness, they were adventurous, creative and open minded, pursue growth and learning, built open and honest relationships with communication, built a positive team and family spirit, do more with less, be passionate and determined and they were humble. All of those core values made Zappos. â€Å"(â€Å"Analysis and retailer,† 2009)